Better Testing with Page Object Design in Django

class BasePage(object):
    url = None

    def __init__(self, driver, live_server_url):
        self.driver = driver
        self.live_server_url = live_server_url

    def fill_form_by_css(self, form_css, value):
        elem = self.driver.find(form_css)
        elem.send_keys(value)

    def fill_form_by_id(self, form_element_id, value):
        elem = self.driver.find_element_by_id(form_element_id)
        elem.send_keys(value)

    def fill_form_by_name(self, name, value):
        elem = self.driver.find_element_by_name(name)
        elem.send_keys(value)

    @property
    def title(self):
        return self.driver.title
    
    def navigate(self):
        self.driver.get(
			"{}{}".format(
				self.live_server_url,
				self.url
			)
        )

class LoginPage(BasePage):
    USERNAME_NAME = "login"
    PASSWORD_NAME = "password"
    FORM_SUBMIT_TEXT = 'Sign In'
    url = "/accounts/login/"
    ERRORS_CLASS = 'errorlist'

    def set_username(self, username):
        self.fill_form_by_name(self.USERNAME_NAME, username)

    def set_password(self, password):
        self.fill_form_by_name(self.PASSWORD_NAME, password)

    def getSignupForm(self):
        return SignupPage(self.driver, self.live_server_url)

    def get_errors(self):
        return self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(self.ERRORS_CLASS)

    def submit(self):
        btn = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//button[text()="{}"]'.format(self.FORM_SUBMIT_TEXT))
        btn.click()
        return ProfilePage(self.driver, self.live_server_url)

    def submitExpectingFailure(self):
        btn = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//button[text()="{}"]'.format(self.FORM_SUBMIT_TEXT))
        btn.click()
        return LoginPage(self.driver, self.live_server_url)

class ProfilePage(BasePage):
    pass

class Homepage(BasePage):
    url = "/"
    def getLoginForm(self):
        return LoginPage(self.driver, self.live_server_url)

from django.test.utils import override_settings

from tests.functional_tests.base import FunctionalTest
from pagemodelobjects.pages import Homepage

from users.factories import CustomUserFactory

@override_settings(
    ACCOUNT_EMAIL_VERIFICATION='none',
)
class LoginTests(FunctionalTest):
    """ 
    Loads the index webpage only once and use it through all testcases
    """

    def setUp(self):
        pass
        

    def test_login_common_user(self):
        # creates an user to log in
        password = "hello"
        user = CustomUserFactory.create(password=password)
        homepage = Homepage(self.browser, self.live_server_url)
        homepage.navigate()
        login_page = homepage.getLoginForm()
        login_page.navigate()
        login_page.set_username(user.username)
        login_page.set_password(password)
        profile_page = login_page.submit()
        self.assertIn(user.username, profile_page.title)

    def test_login_denies_access(self):
        homepage = Homepage(self.browser, self.live_server_url)
        homepage.navigate()
        login_page = homepage.getLoginForm()
        login_page.navigate()
        login_page.set_username("aaa")
        login_page.set_password("foo")
        login_page = login_page.submitExpectingFailure()
        self.assertIn("not correct", login_page.get_errors().text)

from django.contrib.staticfiles.testing import StaticLiveServerTestCase, LiveServerTestCase
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.webdriver import WebDriver

class FunctionalTest(StaticLiveServerTestCase):
    """
    Launches a live Django server in the background on setup, and
    shuts it down on teardown. This allows the use of automated test
    clients other than the Django dummy client such as, for example,
    the Selenium client, to execute a series of functional tests
    inside a browser and simulate a real user’s actions.

    We’ll use the StaticLiveServerTestCase subclass with serves static
    files during the execution of tests similar to what we get at
    development time with DEBUG=True, i.e. without having to collect
    them using collectstatic.
    """
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        super().setUpClass()
        cls.browser = WebDriver()
        cls.browser.implicitly_wait(10)

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        cls.browser.quit()
        super().tearDownClass()